home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- <text id=91TT0003>
- <link 90TT2751>
- <title>
- Jan. 07, 1991: Israel:Farewell To Moderation
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1990
- Jan. 07, 1991 Men Of The Year:The Two George Bushes
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- WORLD, Page 65
- ISRAEL
- Farewell to Moderation
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p>As Islamic fundamentalists take charge of the Palestinian
- uprising, the Israelis resort to ever harsher countermeasures
- </p>
- <p>By JON D. HULL/GAZA CITY--With reporting by Jamil Hamad/
- Jabaliya
- </p>
- <p> Ten years in an Israeli prison and seven bullet wounds
- account for Mohammed Jamal's tight grimace, rigid movements and
- icy stare. Even from a distance, the 36-year-old Palestinian
- radiates enough danger signals to make Israelis cross to the
- other side of the street. "We wish we weren't forced to kill
- Israeli civilians," he says, sitting in a Gaza sandwich shop,
- fidgeting with a string of worry beads. "But since the army is
- killing our children, we have to apply Islamic law: an eye for
- an eye and a tooth for a tooth."
- </p>
- <p> That fanatical logic was at work last month when three
- Israeli workers were partially disemboweled in a factory in
- Jaffa, near Tel Aviv, the latest in a series of stabbing and
- shooting attacks by Palestinians. "The aim of the operation was
- to pressure the Israeli public," says Jamal, who conceals his
- real name for fear of arrest. "Now we will increase our military
- operations."
- </p>
- <p> Jamal is a member of the outlawed Islamic Resistance
- Movement, known as Hamas, meaning zeal in Arabic. Hamas has
- emerged as the most feared power in the West Bank and the Gaza
- Strip, convincing many Arabs and Jews that the three-year-old
- intifadeh is entering a far more deadly phase. After the army
- arrested hundreds of Hamas activists and the government ordered
- the deportation of four alleged leaders in retaliation for the
- factory killings, the movement countered by issuing its first
- call for suicide missions against Israeli targets. That appeal
- may have motivated Ala' Abdel Latif Obeid, who stabbed three
- soldiers in Gaza last week and was then shot dead. Says Jamal:
- </p>
- <p> Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir believes the deportations,
- the first in 15 months, are necessary to satisfy the public's
- desire for revenge. Despite a United Nations resolution two
- weeks ago condemning Israel's harsh treatment of Palestinians,
- Shamir appears far more sensitive to mounting criticism from
- within the government. "The lives of Israeli citizens in their
- own independent state are no safer today than the lives of Jews
- were in the ghettos," charged Sarah Doron, who chairs Likud's
- Knesset faction. Right-wing legislators demanded that the
- government deport thousands of "inciters" to Lebanon and bar
- all Palestinians from working in Israel. Moderates scornfully
- observed that perhaps Shamir's refusal to accept a territorial
- compromise had something to do with the bloodshed.
- </p>
- <p> Defense Minister Moshe Arens promised that selective
- expulsions would reduce Arab violence. But the deployment of
- more army reinforcements in the territories suggests he knows
- better. In the first 21 months of the uprising, Israel deported
- at least 58 Palestinians but stopped when the policy came under
- fire from the U.S. and the U.N. Those expulsions only caused
- Palestinians to escalate their revolt. The resumption of
- deportations indicates that the security forces are running out
- of tricks: despite more soldiers and roadblocks, more arrests
- and even undercover snipers in the West Bank to shoot stone
- throwers, the army is still unable to crush the revolt.
- </p>
- <p> Ironically, Israel once nurtured Islamic fundamentalists as a
- counterbalance to the more secular Palestine Liberation
- Organization, declining even to outlaw Hamas until last year.
- Now army intelligence considers the tight-knit movement, which
- is much harder to penetrate than the various P.L.O. factions, to
- be the most serious security threat in the territories.
- </p>
- <p> Hamas' success is a function of Palestinian despair.
- Preaching radical solutions from the mosques and impressing the
- population with bold attacks against Israelis, Hamas is rapidly
- winning converts at the expense of the P.L.O., which has been
- weakened by the gulf crisis and by the failure of Chairman
- Yasser Arafat's diplomatic overtures to win any concessions from
- Israel.
- </p>
- <p> Hamas also caters to its constituency on the day-to-day
- level by running clinics and kindergartens; by contrast, the
- P.L.O. has a reputation for corruption in distributing funds to
- the territories. Although the P.L.O. remains the dominant force
- in Palestinian politics, its half a dozen or so clandestine
- factions in the West Bank and Gaza are often at odds, while the
- Islamic movement is highly disciplined and cohesive. Hamas has
- benefited from the religious fury generated by the deaths of at
- least 17 Palestinians during the October riot on Jerusalem's
- Temple Mount, as well as from the growing strength of Islamic
- parties in Jordan and Algeria, where Saddam Hussein's appeals
- to Islamic unity have found a ready audience. By most estimates,
- Hamas commands support from a majority among Gazans and at least
- 30% of West Bank Arabs. As Labor party member Ora Namir warned
- the government, "You didn't want to talk with the P.L.O., so now
- you'll have to talk with Hamas."
- </p>
- <p> That may be impossible. Formed at the start of the
- intifadeh as an offshoot of the Muslim Brotherhood, Hamas calls
- for an Islamic state in both Israel and the occupied
- territories, blames Jews for World War II and insists that
- "there is no solution to the Palestinian problem except for Holy
- War." Hamas' initial goal--to prevent peace between Israel and
- the Palestinians--should not be difficult.
- </p>
- <p> In fact, Hamas' militancy suits Israel's ruling
- rejectionists just fine, providing a convenient excuse to avoid
- negotiations. The few moderates left on both sides are now
- endangered by an alarming spiral of violence. As tougher Israeli
- measures further inflame the uprising, more and more
- Palestinians will undoubtedly resort to arms, convincing
- Israelis that still harsher tactics are in order. Says Sa'id al
- Kanoua, 15, whose father is among the deportees: "The Israelis
- have made me hate them even more." The sons and daughters of
- Hamas' Jewish victims feel every bit as enraged.
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
-
-